Powerpoint Templates and Google slides for Adoption Strategies

This slide provides information regarding environment reference model essential for DevOps implementation such as training environment, operational testing environment, etc. Present the topic in a bit more detail with this Devops Adoption Strategy It Addressing Environment Reference Model Essential. Use it as a tool for discussion and navigation on Environment, Implementation, Reference. This template is free to edit as deemed fit for your organization. Therefore download it now.

This slide provides information regarding essential elements involves in DevOps implementation roadmap in terms of containerizing, integrating infrastructure automation, tracking application performance, etc. Introducing Devops Adoption Strategy It Addressing Essential Elements Involved In Devops Implementation to increase your presentation threshold. Encompassed with four stages, this template is a great option to educate and entice your audience. Dispence information on Containerizing, Infrastructure, Alignment, using this template. Grab it now to reap its full benefits.

This slide provides information regarding main stages involved in DevOps such as planning, development, testing, build and deployment. Increase audience engagement and knowledge by dispensing information using Devops Adoption Strategy It Addressing Main Stages Associated To Devops. This template helps you present information on three stages. You can also present information on Development, Planning, Management using this PPT design. This layout is completely editable so personaize it now to meet your audiences expectations.

The project team members will also require external training which will play important role in their development. The external training will be given by experts of various fields. This training will not be free, and charges will cost the firm per employee. Present the topic in a bit more detail with this Devops Adoption Strategy It Addressing Project Team Training Schedule With Cost. Use it as a tool for discussion and navigation on Assessment, Evaluation, Employee. This template is free to edit as deemed fit for your organization. Therefore download it now.

This slide provides information regarding roles and responsibilities associated to DevOps team members for application development. Introducing Devops Adoption Strategy It Addressing Roles And Responsibilities Associated To Devops Team to increase your presentation threshold. Encompassed with five stages, this template is a great option to educate and entice your audience. Dispence information on Product Owner, Team Leader, Cloud Architect , using this template. Grab it now to reap its full benefits.

This slide provides information regarding transformation associated to DevOps implementation by addressing different segments pre and post implementation. Present the topic in a bit more detail with this Devops Adoption Strategy It Addressing Transformation Associated To Devops Implementation. Use it as a tool for discussion and navigation on Implementation, Transformation, Information. This template is free to edit as deemed fit for your organization. Therefore download it now.

This slide provides information regarding various trends associated to DevOps implementation in terms of DevOps automation, using serverless architecture, etc. Increase audience engagement and knowledge by dispensing information using Devops Adoption Strategy It Addressing Various Trends Associated To Devops Implementation. This template helps you present information on four stages. You can also present information on Implementation, Architecture, Experiencing using this PPT design. This layout is completely editable so personaize it now to meet your audiences expectations.

This slide provides information regarding the budget associated to effective DevOps implementation and management in terms of functional area, cost of implementation, software, etc. Present the topic in a bit more detail with this Devops Adoption Strategy It Budget For Effective Devops System Implementation And Management. Use it as a tool for discussion and navigation on Implementation, Management, Information. This template is free to edit as deemed fit for your organization. Therefore download it now.

This slide provides information regarding essential considerations for successful DevOps implementation by determine project magnitude, selecting suitable required skills, process, selection of tools, etc. Increase audience engagement and knowledge by dispensing information using Devops Adoption Strategy It Determine Considerations Essential For Successful Devops Implementation. This template helps you present information on five stages. You can also present information on Successful, Implementation, Individuals using this PPT design. This layout is completely editable so personaize it now to meet your audiences expectations.

This slide provides information regarding crucial strategies for effective DevOps adoption in terms of focus on coordinated activities, continuous delivery of small increments, focus on cross functional product teams, etc. Increase audience engagement and knowledge by dispensing information using Devops Adoption Strategy It Determine Crucial Strategies For Effective Devops Adoption. This template helps you present information on four stages. You can also present information on Strategies, Functional, Increments using this PPT design. This layout is completely editable so personaize it now to meet your audiences expectations.

This slide provides information regarding product statement with essential parameters such as problem statement title, description, category, nature, duration, budget. Present the topic in a bit more detail with this Devops Adoption Strategy It Determine Final Product Statement With Essential Parameters. Use it as a tool for discussion and navigation on Product, Statement, Information. This template is free to edit as deemed fit for your organization. Therefore download it now.

This slide provides information regarding various value propositions associated to DevOps in terms of enhanced agility , enhanced quality, enhanced innovation and lower outages. Increase audience engagement and knowledge by dispensing information using Devops Adoption Strategy It Determine Various Value Propositions Associated To Devops. This template helps you present information on four stages. You can also present information on Innovation, Propositions, Information using this PPT design. This layout is completely editable so personaize it now to meet your audiences expectations.

Introducing our well researched set of slides titled Devops Adoption Strategy It Icons Slide. It displays a hundred percent editable icons. You can use these icons in your presentation to captivate your audiences attention. Download now and use it multiple times.

This slide provides information regarding the impact of successful implementation of DevOps system by addressing various KPIs such as mean lead time to changes, change failure rate, security test pass rate, etc. Increase audience engagement and knowledge by dispensing information using Devops Adoption Strategy It Impact Of Successful Implementation Of Devops System. This template helps you present information on two stages. You can also present information on Impact Of Successful Implementation Of Devops System using this PPT design. This layout is completely editable so personaize it now to meet your audiences expectations.

This slide provides information regarding selection of suitable DevOps management solution with various features such as software testing, application performance management, intelligent IT operations, etc. Present the topic in a bit more detail with this Devops Adoption Strategy It Selecting Suitable Devops Management Solutions. Use it as a tool for discussion and navigation on Application, Performance, Management . This template is free to edit as deemed fit for your organization. Therefore download it now.

This slide provides information regarding the various metrics that considered essential in determine the effectiveness of DevOps systems in terms of DevOps deployment, error rates and application performance and other metrics. Increase audience engagement and knowledge by dispensing information using Devops Adoption Strategy It Various Metrics To Measure Effectiveness Of Devops System. This template helps you present information on three stages. You can also present information on Deployment, Performance, Measure using this PPT design. This layout is completely editable so personaize it now to meet your audiences expectations.

Present the topic in a bit more detail with this Table Of Contents For Devops Adoption Strategy It. Use it as a tool for discussion and navigation on Strategy, Analysis, Assessment This template is free to edit as deemed fit for your organization. Therefore download it now.

This slide provides information regarding effective strategies utilized by teams in developing effective proposal in terms of backlog management, focusing on user experience and building requirements. Increase audience engagement and knowledge by dispensing information using How Bid Teams Can Adopt Agile Approach To Rfp Response It Different Strategies For Teams Effective. This template helps you present information on three stages. You can also present information on Backlog Management, Focusing On User Experience, Building Requirements using this PPT design. This layout is completely editable so personaize it now to meet your audiences expectations.

Mentioned slide portrays the strategies that company will adopt to market its dating app. Main focus of the company is to receive organic searches and staying competitive. Introducing Strategies Adopted For App Marketing Online Dating Business Investor Funding Elevator Pitch Deck to increase your presentation threshold. Encompassed with three stages, this template is a great option to educate and entice your audience. Dispence information on Strategies, Marketing, Campaigns, using this template. Grab it now to reap its full benefits.

This slide represents product adoption curve. It covers innovators, early adopters, early majority, late majority and laggards showcasing consumer state. Present the topic in a bit more detail with this Product Adoption Curve To Enhance Lead Generation Product Development And Management Strategy. Use it as a tool for discussion and navigation on Product, Adoption, Generation. This template is free to edit as deemed fit for your organization. Therefore download it now.

This slide represents strategies and impact for product adoption. It covers awareness, interest, evaluation, trial and adoption or rejection stage. Deliver an outstanding presentation on the topic using this Strategies And Impact Of Product Adoption On Consumer Product Development And Management Strategy. Dispense information and present a thorough explanation of Strategies, Product, Adoption using the slides given. This template can be altered and personalized to fit your needs. It is also available for immediate download. So grab it now.

This slide shows different pricing strategies adopted by competitors to achieve product success in the market. Strategies covered are promotional pricing, penetration pricing and demand oriented pricing. Present the topic in a bit more detail with this Competitive Landscape Analysis Based On Pricing Strategies Adopted Strategic Marketing Plan To Increase. Use it as a tool for discussion and navigation on Strategy Adopted, Company, Goal. This template is free to edit as deemed fit for your organization. Therefore download it now.

The following slide outlines four pricing strategies adopted by the different retail stores. The strategies highlighted in the slide are bundle, discount, penetration, and psychological pricing. It also covers information about the competitor sales before and after implementing the strategy. Deliver an outstanding presentation on the topic using this Offline And Online Merchandising Pricing Strategies Adopted By The Different Retail Stores. Dispense information and present a thorough explanation of Bundle Pricing, Discount Pricing, Penetration Pricing, Psychological Pricing using the slides given. This template can be altered and personalized to fit your needs. It is also available for immediate download. So grab it now.

Mentioned slide portrays the strategies that company will adopt to market its dating app. Main focus of the company is to receive organic searches and staying competitive. Introducing Dating Services Investor Funding Elevator Strategies Adopted For App Marketing to increase your presentation threshold. Encompassed with three stages, this template is a great option to educate and entice your audience. Dispence information on PPC Strategy, SEO, Paid Social, using this template. Grab it now to reap its full benefits.

This slide showcases organic and inorganic strategies that can help organization to achieve goals and grow in target market. It also showcases risk and investment involved in both strategies. Introducing What Strategies Can Be Adopted Managing New Service Launch Marketing Process to increase your presentation threshold. Encompassed with one stage, this template is a great option to educate and entice your audience. Dispence information on Organic Growth Strategies, Inorganic Growth Strategies, Strategies, using this template. Grab it now to reap its full benefits.

Following slide illustrates information about the promotion strategy adopted by the firm to meet its objectives. Objectives covered in the slide are informative and persuasive promotion. Increase audience engagement and knowledge by dispensing information using Marketing Plan To Boost Promotion Strategy We Will Adopt. This template helps you present information on two stages. You can also present information on Informative Promotion, Persuasive Promotion, Process using this PPT design. This layout is completely editable so personaize it now to meet your audiences expectations.

This slide showcases organic and inorganic strategies that can help organization to achieve goals and grow in target market place. It also showcases risk and investment involved in both strategies. Increase audience engagement and knowledge by dispensing information using New Service Launch And Marketing What Strategies Can Be Adopted For Overcoming Issues. This template helps you present information on three stages. You can also present information on Risk, Strategies, Investment using this PPT design. This layout is completely editable so personaize it now to meet your audiences expectations.

This slide shows main reasons to diversity recruitment strategy and advantages of same. It includes growing talent pools, increasing productivity, improving innovation and creativity etc. Presenting our set of slides with Reasons To Adopt Diversity Recruiting Strategy. This exhibits information on five stages of the process. This is an easy to edit and innovatively designed PowerPoint template. So download immediately and highlight information on Increases Productivity, Improves Innovation, Increases Customer Satisfaction.

This slide showcases organic and inorganic strategies that can help organization to achieve goals and grow in target market place. It also showcases risk and investment involved in both strategies. Deliver an outstanding presentation on the topic using this What Strategies Can Be Adopted For Overcoming Issues Marketing Strategies New Service. Dispense information and present a thorough explanation of Organic Growth Strategies, Overcoming Issues using the slides given. This template can be altered and personalized to fit your needs. It is also available for immediate download. So grab it now.

Following slide displays information about the strategy adopted by the firm to meet its promotion objective. Objectives covered are informative and persuasive promotion while strategies covered are push and pull strategy. Deliver an outstanding presentation on the topic using this Strategies We Will Adopt For Product Promotion Structuring A New Product Launch Campaign. Dispense information and present a thorough explanation of Promotion Objective, Producer, Consumers, Push Strategy using the slides given. This template can be altered and personalized to fit your needs. It is also available for immediate download. So grab it now.

The mentioned slide highlights strategies or activities a HR can incorporate at workplace to resolve conflicts between employees . the slide includes building bonds, working on acceptable disagreements, highlighting strengths and tackling roadblocks Presenting our set of slides with name Strategies Adopted By HR For Workplace Conflict Resolution. This exhibits information on four stages of the process. This is an easy-to-edit and innovatively designed PowerPoint template. So download immediately and highlight information on Building Bonds, Highlighting Strengths, Tackling Roadblocks.

This slide showcases organic and inorganic strategies that can help organization to achieve goals and grow in target market. It also showcases risk and investment involved in both strategies. Deliver an outstanding presentation on the topic using this What Strategies Can Be Adopted For Overcoming Issues Promoting New Service Through. Dispense information and present a thorough explanation of Organic Growth Strategies, Overcoming Issues using the slides given. This template can be altered and personalized to fit your needs. It is also available for immediate download. So grab it now.

Mentioned slide focuses on the DevOps software delivery performance with adoption strategy. It also includes deployment frequency and restore service time. Introducing our DevOps Solution Adoption Strategy With Delivery Performance set of slides. The topics discussed in these slides are DevOps Solution, Adoption Strategy, Delivery Performance. This is an immediately available PowerPoint presentation that can be conveniently customized. Download it and convince your audience.

The following slide outlines four pricing strategies adopted by the different retail stores. The strategies highlighted in the slide are bundle, discount, penetration, and psychological pricing. It also covers information about the competitor sales before and after implementing the strategy. Deliver an outstanding presentation on the topic using this Pricing Strategies Adopted By The Different Retail Stores Increasing Brand Loyalty. Dispense information and present a thorough explanation of Bundle Pricing, Penetration Pricing, Psychological Pricing using the slides given. This template can be altered and personalized to fit your needs. It is also available for immediate download. So grab it now.

This slide covers the process of warehouse automation. It includes steps such as creating implementation plan, collecting critical data, evaluating inventory control, warehouse management system automation, determining warehouse automation type, etc.Increase audience engagement and knowledge by dispensing information using Process For Adopting Warehouse Automation Strategies Supply Chain And Logistics Automation. This template helps you present information on five stages. You can also present information on Create Implementation, Capabilities Challenges, Determine Standard using this PPT design. This layout is completely editable so personaize it now to meet your audiences expectations.

This slide showcases organic and inorganic strategies that can help organization to achieve goals and grow in target market. It also showcases risk and investment involved in both strategies Deliver an outstanding presentation on the topic using this What Strategies Can Be Adopted For Overcoming Improving Customer Outreach During New Service Launch. Dispense information and present a thorough explanation of Launch New Service, Targeting New Customer Segment, Developing New Business Model using the slides given. This template can be altered and personalized to fit your needs. It is also available for immediate download. So grab it now.

Introducing our premium set of slides with Adoption Framework Strategies And Layout Icon. Elucidate the four stages and present information using this PPT slide. This is a completely adaptable PowerPoint template design that can be used to interpret topics like Adoption Framework Strategies, Layout, Icon. So download instantly and tailor it with your information.

This slide defines the end user adoption strategic framework for an organization. It includes information related to phases such as strategize, prepare, educate, enable and reinforce. Introducing our premium set of slides with End User Adoption Strategic Framework. Elucidate the five stages and present information using this PPT slide. This is a completely adaptable PowerPoint template design that can be used to interpret topics like Preparing Launch Campaign, Understanding Engagement Plan, Measure And Reinforce. So download instantly and tailor it with your information.

This slide defines the adoption framework for strategic data governance in an organization. It includes information related to assessment, development, implementation plan, identifying responsibilities and setting a data governance council. Introducing our premium set of slides with Strategic Data Governance Adoption Framework. Elucidate the five stages and present information using this PPT slide. This is a completely adaptable PowerPoint template design that can be used to interpret topics like Framework Assessment, Governance Development, Implementation Plan, Assigning Responsibilities. So download instantly and tailor it with your information.

This slide defines the strategies that can be used to adopt digital framework in organization. It includes information related to training, development, learning and motivating. Presenting our set of slides with name Strategies To Adopt Digital Framework In Organization. This exhibits information on four stages of the process. This is an easy-to-edit and innovatively designed PowerPoint template. So download immediately and highlight information on Eliminate Employee, Resistance To Change, Personalized Training.

The following slide outlines four pricing strategies adopted by the different retail stores. The strategies highlighted in the slide are bundle, discount, penetration, and psychological pricing. It also covers information about the competitor sales before and after implementing the strategy.Deliver an outstanding presentation on the topic using this Pricing Strategies Adopted By The Different Retail Stores Retail Merchandising Best Strategies For Higher. Dispense information and present a thorough explanation of Bundle Pricing, Discount Pricing, Penetration Pricing using the slides given. This template can be altered and personalized to fit your needs. It is also available for immediate download. So grab it now.

This slide covers main brand portfolio management strategies to organize brands and their offerings. It includes approaches such as a brand house, house of brands, and hybrid brand. Increase audience engagement and knowledge by dispensing information using Most Common Brand Portfolio Strategies Adopted By Firms Brand Portfolio Strategy Guide. This template helps you present information on three stages. You can also present information on Branded House, House Brands, Hybrid Brand using this PPT design. This layout is completely editable so personaize it now to meet your audiences expectations.

This slide represents strategies and impact for product adoption. It covers awareness, interest, evaluation, trial and adoption or rejection stage. Deliver an outstanding presentation on the topic using this Product Development Plan Strategies And Impact Of Product Adoption On Consumer. Dispense information and present a thorough explanation of Strategies, Product, Adoption using the slides given. This template can be altered and personalized to fit your needs. It is also available for immediate download. So grab it now.

This slide showcases tactics adopted by business to improve direct mail advertising. Major strategies covered are provide irresistible offers, personalize mails, include bonus items and track results. Deliver an outstanding presentation on the topic using this Strategies Adopted To Improve Direct Mail Marketing Traditional Marketing Guide To Engage Potential Audience. Dispense information and present a thorough explanation of Strategies Adopted, Direct Mail Marketing, Relationship Management using the slides given. This template can be altered and personalized to fit your needs. It is also available for immediate download. So grab it now.

The following slide exhibits various differentiation strategies which are successfully deployed by Apple to differentiate their products. Product design, pricing strategy, retail outlets and brand loyalty are the major differentiation strategies which are mentioned in the slide. Introducing Differentiation Strategies Adopted By Apple Red Ocean Strategy Beating The Intense Competition to increase your presentation threshold. Encompassed with four stages, this template is a great option to educate and entice your audience. Dispence information on Product Design, Pricing Strategy, Brand Loyalty, using this template. Grab it now to reap its full benefits.

This slide covers the digital marketing strategies used by the leaders and imitated by the followers. The purpose of this template is to define different digital marketing strategies. It also includes details related to email, content, social media, etc. Presenting our well structured Digital Marketing Strategies Adopted By Followers. The topics discussed in this slide are Email Marketing, Social Media Marketing, Website Marketing. This is an instantly available PowerPoint presentation that can be edited conveniently. Download it right away and captivate your audience.

This slide represents product adoption curve. It covers innovators, early adopters, early majority, late majority and laggards showcasing consumer state. Increase audience engagement and knowledge by dispensing information using Strategic Product Development Strategy Product Adoption Curve To Enhance Lead Generation. This template helps you present information on one stages. You can also present information on Mainstream Market, Early Market, Early Adopters using this PPT design. This layout is completely editable so personaize it now to meet your audiences expectations.

This slide represents strategies and impact for product adoption. It covers awareness, interest, evaluation, trial and adoption or rejection stage. Present the topic in a bit more detail with this Strategies And Impact Of Product Adoption On Consumer Strategic Product Development Strategy. Use it as a tool for discussion and navigation on Awareness, Interest, Evaluation, Trial. This template is free to edit as deemed fit for your organization. Therefore download it now.

This slide represents strategies and impact for product adoption. It covers awareness, interest, evaluation, trial and adoption or rejection stage. Deliver an outstanding presentation on the topic using this New Product Management Strategies And Impact Of Product Adoption On Consumer. Dispense information and present a thorough explanation of Strategies, Awareness, Information using the slides given. This template can be altered and personalized to fit your needs. It is also available for immediate download. So grab it now.

This slide represents product adoption curve. It covers innovators, early adopters, early majority, late majority and laggards showcasing consumer state. Deliver an outstanding presentation on the topic using this New Product Management Techniques Strategy Product Adoption Curve To Enhance Lead Generation. Dispense information and present a thorough explanation of Customer, Product Adoption Curve, Enhance Lead Generation using the slides given. This template can be altered and personalized to fit your needs. It is also available for immediate download. So grab it now.

This slide covers the strategic model implemented by financial management services. The purpose of this template is to define the framework based on three aspects Service Strategy, Service Design, and Service Complete. It includes information related to business services, offerings, cost, etc. Presenting our well structured Service Strategy Model Adopted In Financial Management. The topics discussed in this slide are Service Strategy, Service Design, Full Functioning Service. This is an instantly available PowerPoint presentation that can be edited conveniently. Download it right away and captivate your audience.

Presenting Cloud Computing Adoption Strategies In Powerpoint And Google Slides Cpb slide which is completely adaptable. The graphics in this PowerPoint slide showcase three stages that will help you succinctly convey the information. In addition, you can alternate the color, font size, font type, and shapes of this PPT layout according to your content. This PPT presentation can be accessed with Google Slides and is available in both standard screen and widescreen aspect ratios. It is also a useful set to elucidate topics like Cloud Computing Adoption Strategies. This well structured design can be downloaded in different formats like PDF, JPG, and PNG. So, without any delay, click on the download button now.

This slide covers the process of warehouse automation. It includes steps such as creating implementation plan, collecting critical data, evaluating inventory control, warehouse management system automation, determining warehouse automation type, etc. Introducing Process For Adopting Warehouse Automation Strategies Logistics And Supply Chain Automation System to increase your presentation threshold. Encompassed with five stages, this template is a great option to educate and entice your audience. Dispence information on Implementation Committee, Evaluate Inventory Controls, Collect Critical Data, using this template. Grab it now to reap its full benefits.

The slide represents steps involved in a process to create a communication plan in an organization. It includes who the message is being passed to, why, how and when the message is passed . The steps are segregating the audience, selecting the message type, finding out the delivery method, setting up a schedule, and finalising the message source. Presenting our set of slides with Process Adopted For Strategic Capital Communication Plan. This exhibits information on five stages of the process. This is an easy to edit and innovatively designed PowerPoint template. So download immediately and highlight information on Segregating Audience, Finalizing Message Source.

Following slide shows information about the strategy adopted by the firm based on its promotion objective. The slide indicates that firm will adopt push strategy in order to meet its persuasive promotion objective. Present the topic in a bit more detail with this Achieving Operational Excellence In Retail Promotion Strategy We Will Adopt Ppt Icon Microsoft. Use it as a tool for discussion and navigation on Retailers And Wholesalers, Retailers And Wholesalers, Informative Promotion. This template is free to edit as deemed fit for your organization. Therefore download it now.

Mentioned slide displays different pricing strategies adopted by competitors to accomplish product success in the market. Strategies adopted by the competitors are promotional pricing, penetration pricing and demand oriented pricing. Increase audience engagement and knowledge by dispensing information using Achieving Operational Excellence Pricing Strategies Adopted By Competitors For Growing. This template helps you present information on one stages. You can also present information on Pricing Strategies, Competitors, Growing Business using this PPT design. This layout is completely editable so personaize it now to meet your audiences expectations.

This slide represents career pathing strategies that provide framework for developing career paths. It includes employee survey, education, performance assessment and employee training. Introducing Career Pathing Strategy Adopted By Organizations For Employee Development Implementing Effective Career to increase your presentation threshold. Encompassed with four stages, this template is a great option to educate and entice your audience. Dispence information on Employee Survey, Employee Education, Performance Assessment, Employee Training, using this template. Grab it now to reap its full benefits.

This slide provides glimpse about need of a business organization for adoption of intellectual property aligned with business strategy. It includes increase market size, higher profit margin, etc. Presenting our set of slides with Rationale For Adoption Of Intellectual Property Strategy. This exhibits information on four stages of the process. This is an easy to edit and innovatively designed PowerPoint template. So download immediately and highlight information on Increase Market Size,Higher Profit Margin,Reduce Tax Liabilities.

This slide defines the analysis of work strategies used and implemented in an organization. The purpose of this template is to evaluate and revise plan. It also includes elements such as benefits, measures, etc. Presenting our set of slides with Analysis Of Work Strategy Adopted In Organization. This exhibits information on four stages of the process. This is an easy to edit and innovatively designed PowerPoint template. So download immediately and highlight information on Strategy Benefits, Results, Workers.

Presenting our Price Adoption Strategies In Powerpoint And Google Slides Cpb PowerPoint template design. This PowerPoint slide showcases five stages. It is useful to share insightful information on Price Adoption Strategies This PPT slide can be easily accessed in standard screen and widescreen aspect ratios. It is also available in various formats like PDF, PNG, and JPG. Not only this, the PowerPoint slideshow is completely editable and you can effortlessly modify the font size, font type, and shapes according to your wish. Our PPT layout is compatible with Google Slides as well, so download and edit it as per your knowledge.